🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
あまいん【余いん】 : amain | define meaning
amain
Pronunciation: [ʔamaiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb, Intransitive
- To remain; to be extra; to be left over
- To be more than; to be over; to exceed
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese あまる【余る】 amaru "to remain".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 余いん |
| Kana | あまいん |
| Romanization | amain |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ʔamaiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
amayun, amain |
amatan |
amaran |
amarantan |
|
ATT |
amayuru, amairu |
amataru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
amatoon |
amatootan |
amateewuran |
amateewurantan |
|
ATT |
amatooru |
amatootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
amarasun |
amarachan |
amarasan |
amarasantan |
|
ATT |
amarasuru |
amaracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
amarariyun, |
amararitan, |
amarariran, |
amararirantan, |
|
ATT |
amarariyuru, |
amararitaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
amarasariyun, |
amarasaritan |
amarasariran |
amarasarirantan |
|
ATT |
amarasariyuru, |
amarasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
amateen |
amateetan |
amateeneen |
amateeneentan |
|
ATT |
amateeru |
amateetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
amatoochun |
amatoochan |
amateeukan |
amateeukantan |
|
ATT |
amatoochuru |
amatoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
amar- |
|
Dictionary |
amayun, amain |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
amayuru, amairu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
amayu-, amai- |
|
Adverbial |
amai |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
amara |
|
Conjunctive |
amati |
|
Representative |
amatai |
|
Imperative |
amari, |
|
Conditional |
amaree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
amayuru haji, amairu haji |
|
So as to... |
amayuru gutu, amairu gutu |
|
Before... |
amayuru mee, amairu mee |
|
While... |
amayuru qweeda, amayuru-qweema, amairu qweeda, amairu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
amayuru tami ni, amairu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
amati-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
amati-kwiin |
|
Completive |
amati-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
amati-n |
|
After... |
amati-kara |
|
After... |
amati-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
amai-busan |
amai-busantan |
amai-bushikoo neen, amai-bushikoo neeran |
amai-bushikoo neentan, amai-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
amai-busaru |
amai-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
amai-yassan |
amai-yassantan |
amai-yashikoo neen, amai-yashikoo neeran |
amai-yashikoo neentan, amai-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
amai-yassaru |
amai-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
amai-gurisan |
amai-gurisantan |
amai-gurikoo neen, amai-gurikoo neeran |
amai-gurikoo neentan, amai-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
amai-gurisaru |
amai-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
amai-misheen, ama-misheen |
amai-misheentan, ama-misheentan |
amai-misooran, ama-misooran |
amai-misoorantan, ama-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
amai-misheeru, ama-misheeru |
amai-misheetaru, ama-misheetaru, amai-misoocharu, ama-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
amai-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
amayu-tan, amai-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
amayu-shi, amai-shi |
|
Concessive |
amayu-shiga, amai-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
amayu-kutu, amai-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
amayu-na, amai-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
amayu-ra amai-ra |
|
Questions |
amayu-ga, amai-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
amayabiyun, amaibiyun, |
amayabitan, amaibitan |
amayabiran, amaibiran |
amayabirantan, amaibirantan |
|
ATT |
amayabiyuru, amaibiyuru, |
amayabitaru, amaibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
amayumi, amaimi |
amatii |
amarani |
amarantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：あまる【余る】、こす【越す・超す】