Resources

About the list

The following list of resources is provided for ease of access only, and does not represent the full extent of works dealing with each topic.

If you would like to suggest the addition of other online published works dealing with the Japonic languages and dialects, please feel free to send an e-mail to [email protected]

Japanese-Ryukyuan

Origins of the Verbalizer Affixes in the Japonic Languages, by Tyler Lau
Reevaluating the Diphthong Mergers in Japono-Ryukyuan, by Tyler Lau
A reconstruction of the accentual history of the Japanese and Ryukyuan languages, by Moriyo Shimabukuro
Long vowels in Proto-Japanese, by Alexander Vovin
Endangered Languages of Japan: Lexical database, by the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics
(ja) The Dialect Study Room - illustrative maps of dialectal words and expressions, by the National Institute for Japanese Language

Aichi Dialect

Coalescence in Japanese Dialects is Diachronic [Status of coalescence in the Owari dialect of Japanese], by Connor Youngberg

Hiroshima Dialect

Hiatus Resolution in Hiroshima Japanese (PPT version), by Shigeto Kawahara and Yurie Hara

Ibaraki Dialect

Valency Classes in Japanese II: Dialects (Mitsukaido dialect) (Alternative version), by Kan Sasaki
What can the Mitsukaido dialect case system tell about syntactic theory?, by Kan Sasaki
Hardening Alternation in the Mitsukaido Dialect of Japanese, by Kan Sasaki

Kagoshima Dialect

(ja) Kagoshima Dialect (+phonology, morphology) & Dictionary
(ja) Overview of the Kagoshima Dialects
(ja) Dictionary of the Kagoshima Dialect
(ja) Basic phonology and grammar overview of the dialect
Kagoshima dialect (Satsugu dialect), Wikipedia
(ja) The Accent of Koshikijima Japanese, by Haruo Kubozono
(ja) Tearu and Teoru as Seen in Russian Materials Reflecting the Early 18th Century Kagoshima Dialect, by Ai Kubozono
(ja) The Vowel e in Satsugu Dialect in the Eighteenth Century : Based on Ronichi tangoshu, by Shoji Komabashiri
(ja) Descriptive grammar of the Koshikijima dialects, by Haruo Kubozono
(ja) Moraic TBU's and Intonation in Izumi (Kagoshima) Dialect, by Kodama Nozomi
(ja) Kagoshima dialect recording materials (1965), published by the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics
(ja) Velar and Alveolar Consonants in Kagoshima and Tōhoku Dialects

Kansai Dialect

Wikipedia - Kansai dialect

Kumamoto Dialect

Miyazaki Dialect

(ja) The Boundaries of the Miyazaki Dialects, by Shinsuke Kishie

Oita Dialect

(ja) The dialect of southern Oita (Taketa city) – body parts

Uchinaa-Yamatoguchi Dialect

Uchinaa-Yamatoguchi: Yet another endangered variety on Okinawa?, by Josef Holmér

Hachijo-Daito

(ja) Sample Clip and Transcription of Hachijo
(ja) Brief Summary of the Hachijo Dialect
(ja) Comprehensive study on the state of extinction and preservation of the Hachijo Dialects (alternate version)
(ja) Phonology of the Hachijo Dialects, by Toshio Matsuura
(ja) Old forms and recent changes in the Hachijo language, by Akihiro Kaneda (alternate version)
(ja) Hachijo dictionary

Ryukyuan

An introduction to Ryukyuan languages, by Michinori Shimoji & Thomas Pellard
Ryūkyuan: Past, present, and future, by Akiko Matsumori
Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages: History, Structure, and Use (book preview), by Patrick Heinrich, Shinsho Miyara and Michinori Shimoji
(ja) Comparison of a few expressions used in Kyushu and Ryukyu, by Mitsuyoshi Nohara
When and from where did the Japonic language enter the Ryukyus?, by Leon A. Serafim
(ja) Shimakutuba Handbook (example phrases for beginners)

Amami

Shodon: A Dialect of the Northern Ryukyus, by Samuel E. Martin
(ja) The Phonemes of the Shodon dialect in Amami-Oshima (Part 1) (Part 2)
How Do We Describe Demonstratives in Yuwan Ryukyuan?, by Yuto Niinaga
(ja) Phonological characteristics of Northern Amami dialects, by Masao Ono
(ja) Phonological characteristics of Kikaijima, by Nobuko Kibe
(ja) Kikai Island Pitch Accent
(ja) Kikai Island Dialect Survey Report, by Zendou Uwano
The nominalizer su and sentence-final soo in Kikaijima Ryukyuan: Comparison with Japanese no(da) and (no)dewanaika, by Lukas Rieser and Rihito Shirata
(ja) Verb morphology of the Ura dialect of Amami Ōshima, in northern Ryukyu, by Hiromi Shigeno
(ja) Amami dialects: Kana transcription, by Takahiro Okamura
(ja) Lexical Characteristics of Onomatopoeia in the Kikai Dialect of Kagoshima Prefecture, by Kouko Takeda

Miyako

(fr) Ogami — Éléments de description d'un parler du Sud des Ryukyu (English), by Thomas Pellard
Converbs and their desubordination in Ōgami Ryukyuan, by Thomas Pellard (mirror)
Irabu Ryukyuan (Sketch), by Michinori Shimoji
Foot and Rhythmic Structure in Irabu Ryukyuan, by Michinori Shimoji
Epistemic Modality in Irabu Ryukyuan, by Michinori Shimoji
(ja) Copula sentence structure in Irabu Ryukyuan
Property concepts in Irabu Ryukyuan, by Michinori Shimoji
An instrumental analysis of the two tone system in Ikema Ryukyuan, by Yuka Hayashi, Yosuke Igarashi, Yukinori Takubo and Tomoyuki Kubo
Tonal Alternation and Rhythmic Structure in Irabu Ryukyuan, by Michinori Shimoji and Hayashi Yuka
Descriptive units and categories in Irabu, by Michinori Shimoji
(ja) On the Obstruentization of Old Japanese /w/ : Focusing on the Miyako and Yaeyama Dialects, by Chokujin Uchima
(ja) Some verbal paradigms in Miyako, by Nakama Mitsunari
Pragmatic factors in the development of a switch-adjective language: A case study of the Miyako-Hirara dialect of Ryukyuan, by Yulia Koloskova and Toshio Ohori
Standard Japanese and the Hirara Dialect: A Case of Linguistic Convergence, by John J. Chew
(ja) On origin of the 'predicative verb form' in Miyako dialects, by Shigehisa Karimata
A Grammar of Irabu, a Southern Ryukyuan Language, by Michinori Shimoji
(ja) Accent neutralization and merging in the Southern Ryukyuan Ikema dialect of Miyako, by Yosuke Igarashi and Takubo Yukinori
(ja) Phonemic structure of the Miyako dialect of Southern Ryukyu, by Hayato Aoi
Miyako-Ryukyuan and its contribution to linguistic diversity, by Aleksandra Jarosz
(ja) General Study for Research and Conservation of Endangered Dialects in Japan – Research Report on Miyako Ryukyuan, by Nobuko Kibe
Nikolay Nevskiy's Miyakoan Dictionary: reconstruction from the manuscript and its ethnolinguistic analysis, by Aleksandra Jarosz
Contrastive topic =gyaa in Ikema-Nishihara Miyakoan of Southern Ryukyus, by Natsuko Nakagawa and Yuka Hayashi
Miyako-Ikema Online Dictionary (2018) (online)
OLAC resources in and about the Miyako language (links to other resources)

Okinawan

Dictionaries:
- (ja) Konkoukenshuu – Words of the Royal Palace (Oldest Okinawan dictionary, 1711) (alternate web version)
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo island in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford
- (ja) Okinawan language dictionary (1896), by Masayo Nakamoto
- (ja) Okinawan language dictionary (1963), published by the National Institute for Japanese Language (mirror)
- (ja) Excel spreadsheets of the 9th edition of Okinawan language dictionary (2001), published by the National Institute for Japanese Language
- Okinawan-English Wordbook: a short lexicon of the Okinawan language with English definitions and Japanese cognates (2006), by Mitsugu Sakihara et al.
- (ja) Ajimaa: Dictionary of Okinawan (online)
- (ja) Waryu jiten: Japanese-Ryukyuan Dictionary (2018) (online)
- (ja) Kozaweb dictionary of Okinawan (online)
- (ja) Dictionary of the Kudaka Island dialect, by Tomokuni Fukuji and Shin'ichi Kajiku
- (ja) Dictionary of Okinawan Collocations (aka Dictionary of the Practical Use of Okinawan), by Shinsho Miyara (text database)
- (ja) Haisai - Okinawan words, published by Churaneko
Introductory works for beginners:
- (ja) Shimakutuba guidebooks (multiple student-friendly visual pdfs), by Okinawabon
- Memrise: (Okinawan) Learn Basic Uchinaaguchi (learning app)
- Aloha Uchinaaguchi (lessons and tests)
- Useful Okinawan phrases, Omniglot
- How to learn the Okinawan language, Uchinaguchi (YouTube video series)
- Introduction To The Okinawan Language: Uchina Guchi (2002)
- Byron Fija on Ryukyuan Languages in Uchinaaguchi (2012) (YouTube video)
- Let's speak Uchinaaguchi! (2022) (YouTube video series)
- Uchinaguchi Study Group (Okinawan language) (2021-2022) (YouTube video series)
Aspect and Modality in Luchuan: In The Case of The Shuri dialect, by Tomoko Arakaki (PostScript file)
(ja) The Dative Particles "-Nkai" "-nakai" "-ni" "-ga" and "-kai" of the Shuri Dialect of Okinawan : In Contrast with the Particles "-ni" and "-e" of Standard Japanese, by Satoshi Nishioka
(ja) A number of resources on Okinawan, Haisai.co.jp
Small Linguistics: Phonological history and lexical loans in Nakijin dialect Okinawan, by Stewart A. Curry
(ja) On the relation between the particles 'ga' and 'nu' in Urasoe, by Satoshi Uchima
(ja) Particles in the Maejima dialect of Southern Okinawa, by Kumiko Arakaki
(ja) Descriptive study of Maejima dialect phonology, by Kumiko Arakaki
Clausal Focus Structure in Okinawan, by Shinsho Miyara
Wh-Concord in Okinawan = Syntactic Movement + Morphological Merger, by Kunio Kinjo
Nominalization in Okinawan: From a diachronic and comparative perspective, by Rumiko Shinzato
The case markers -ga and -no in Old Okinawan, by Thomas Dougherty
(ja) Iha Fuyū's collection of Okinawan books (alternate version)
(ja) Accentuation of One and Two Syllables in Southern Okinawa, by Masachie Nakamoto
(ja) Accent Classification for Nouns in the Kin Dialect of Mainland Okinawa Island, by Akiko Matsumori
(ja) Pitch accent system of the Kin dialect of Okinawan, by Akiko Matsumori
(ja) Indicative Accent Patterns and Their Sequences in the Kin Dialect of Okinawa Main Island, by Akiko Matsumori
(ja) Evidentials in Ryukyuan: the Shuri Variety of Luchuan: A Typological and Theoretical Study of Grammatical Evidentiality, by Tomoko Arakaki
Examining the Grammatical Functions of the Auxiliary Verb Rijun in the Shuri Dialect of Ryukyuan Languages, by Yan Kit Kwong
(ja) A Prosodic Analysis of Two Speech Recordings of Nago Dialect, by Nozomi Kodama
(ja) The Expression of Possibility and Ability in the Koki Dialect of Nago, Northern Ryukyuan, by Shigehisa Karimata
(ja) Onomatopoeic words in the Nago dialect of Okinawa, by Shigehisa Karimata
(ja) Onomatopoeic words in the Nago dialect of Okinawa (Nago>Japanese dictionary), by Shigehisa Karimata
(ja) Onomatopoeic words in the Nago dialect of Okinawa (Japanese>Nago dictionary), by Shigehisa Karimata
(ja) True adjectives in the Nago dialect of Okinawa, by Shigehisa Karimata
(ja) Particles in the Sesoko dialect of Motobu city, Okinawa, by Chokujin Uchima
(ja) Pitch accent system of Takazato dialect, located in the town of Ōgimi, Kunigami District, by Wayne Lawrence
The perfective use of -ti in Shuri Ryukyuan (abstract), by Griesenho
A reconstruction of Old Okinawan: A corpus-based approach, by Chihkai Lin (requires library access)
(ja) Honorific verbs in the Shuri dialect, by Satoshi Nishioka
(ja) Pronouns of the Northern Ryukyu Torishima dialect, by Gijs van der Lubbe
(ja) Pronouns, Demonstratives and Interrogatives in the Soukei Dialect of Ginoza, Okinawa, by Gijs van der Lubbe
The Past Form of Stative Verbs in South-Central Okinawan, by Gijs van der Lubbe

Okinoerabu

(ja) Okinoerabu Dictionary
(ja) Examples of Vocabulary of the Okinoerabu Island Dialect of Japanese with Particular Reference to Prosodemes: Part 4, by Zendo Uwano
Geographical Distribution of Mimetics in Amami-Okinoerabu Island, by Akiko Tokunaga
(ja) A grammar of Okinoerabu - Kunigami dialect, Ryukyuan, by Akiko Tokunaga-Yokoyama

Tarama-Minna

(ja) On Phonemes and Phonetic Changes of the Miyako-Tarama Dialect (mirror), by Kayoko Shimoji
(ja) Correlation between lexical meaning and form of adjectives: Ryukyu Tarama dialect
(ja) On the -ja Construction in the Tarama Dialect of Southern Ryukyuan, by Kayoko Shimoji
(ja) Representation of space and time in Tarama, by Kayoko Shimoji
(ja) A Reconsideration of Case in Tarama (South-Ryukyuan): Focusing on -ni: and -Nka Forms, by Kayoko Shimoji
(ja) The Three-Patterned Accent System in Miyako-Tarama Variety of Southern Ryukyuan: Its Properties and Accent Neutralizations, by Hayato Aoi
(ja) Phonology and sound changes in the Tamara dialect of Miyako, by Kayoko Shimoji
(ja) Expressions of space and time in the Tarama dialect, by Kayoko Shimoji
(ja) Comparative Study of an Adjectives in Ryukyu Dialects: Tsuken dialect and Tarama dialect
(ja) Prosodic Structure of the Tarama Dialect : Description and Interpretation of the Tonal Pattern of the Fused Progressive Verbal Forms, by Kenan Celik and Hayato Aoi
(ja) Southern Ryukyu Miyako language Tarama dialect dictionary, by Kenan Celik and Shunei Tokuyama

Tokunoshima

(ja) Tokunoshima Island Dictionary
Standardization and Dialect Leveling in Tokunoshima, by Motoei Sawaki, Yumi Nakajima and Chitsuko Fukushima
Accent Data from the Asama Dialect in Tokunoshima, Amami (Part 1), by Zendo Uwano
Accent Data from the Asama Dialect in Tokunoshima, Amami (Part 4), by Zendo Uwano
Accent Data from the Asama Dialect in Tokunoshima, Amami (Part 5), by Zendo Uwano
Tokunoshima Language Dictionary

Yaeyama

(ja) Phonological comparison of Yaeyama dialects, by Shigehisa Karimata
The Disappearing /ï/ and Lenition of /p/ in the Ishigaki Dialect : Fieldwork on the "Island of Songs", by Yuko Yoshida
Surface Position and Focus Domain of the Ryukyuan Focus Particle du: Evidence from Miyara Yaeyaman, by Christopher Davis
Moraicity of initial geminates in the Tedumuni (Taketomi) dialect of Okinawa, by Shigeko Shinohara and Masako Fujimoto
The Role of Focus Particles in Wh-Interrogatives: Evidence from a Southern Ryukyuan Language, by Christopher Davis
Tense, Aspect, and Mood in Miyara Yaeyaman, by Christopher Davis and Tyler Lau
(ja) Participles in the Hateruma dialect of Yaeyama: the additional function of the plain and cliticized forms, by Aso Reiko
(ja) An Acoustic Phonetic Analysis of Two Varieties of Hateruma Dialect, by Giuseppe Pappalardo
(ja) Sound correspondances and sound changes in the Hateruma dialect of Yaeyama, by Makio Oono
(ja) Phonological Reduction and the (Re)emergence of Attributive Forms in Yaeyama Ryukyuan, by Tyler Lau and Christopher Davis
(ja) Plurality and distributivity in Yaeyaman wh-questions, by Christopher Davis
(ja) Phoneme inventory of the Kohama dialect of Yaeyama, by Jou Nakahara
Shiraho Devoicing and Pitch Accent, by Tyler Lau
(ja) About the Yaeyama dialect of Hateruma Island, by Akihiro Kaneda
(ja) A Grammar of the Shiraho Dialect of Yaeyama, by Natsuko Nakagawa, Tyler Lau and Yukinori Takubo
(ja) A Grammar Outline of the Southern Ryukyu Yaeyama Iriomote Island Funauki Dialect, by Yuko Urabe
(ja) Fundamental research on comparative historical dialectology of the Ryukyu Yaeyama dialect, by Shigehisa Karimata
(ja) Basic Vocabulary of the Taketomi Dialect: Plants, by Shin'ichi Kajiku

Yonaguni

(ja) About the Yonaguni language, by Kaijiku Shinichi
(ja) Yonaguni verb accent, by Nishioka Satoshi
Yonaguni – Introduction and Phonology, by Atsuko Izuyama
(ja) The phylogenetic position of the Yonaguni dialect, by Wayne Lawrence
(ja) Simplified Grammar and Natural Discourse Materials of Dunang (Yonaguni) Language, by Masahiro Yamada, Thomas Pellard, Michinori Shimoji
Dunan grammar (Yonaguni Ryukyuan), by Masahiro Yamada, Thomas Pellard, Michinori Shimoji
Phonological and Morphological Changes in Yonaguni Dialect, by Kohei Nakazawa
Verb morphology and conjugation classes in Dunan (Yonaguni), by Thomas Pellard and Masahiro Yamada

Yoron

(ja) Nominalization in Yoron, by Machi Hiromitsu
(ja) Let's speak Yoron (sample text with translation), by Hideshi Kiku
Plural Forms in Yoron-Ryukyuan and Address Nouns in Ryukyuan Languages, by Nobuke Kibe, Hajime Oshima and Masahiro Yamada
Towards a Description of the Case System of Yoron Ryukyuan: The Nominative Case Particles Ga/Nu and the Bare Case, by Nana Tohyama and Tohru Seraku