🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
くやぬん【悔ぬん・悔やぬん】 : kuyanun | define meaning
kuyanun
Pronunciation: [kujanuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To regret; to feel remorse
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese くやむ【悔む・悔やむ】 kuyamu "to regret".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 悔ぬん 悔やぬん |
| Kana | くやぬん |
| Romanization | kuyanun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [kujanuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
kuyamun,
|
kuyadan |
kuyaman |
kuyamantan |
|
ATT |
kuyamuru,
|
kuyadaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
kuyadoon |
kuyadootan |
kuyadeewuran |
kuyadeewurantan |
|
ATT |
kuyadooru |
kuyadootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
kuyamasun |
kuyamachan |
kuyamasan |
kuyamasantan |
|
ATT |
kuyamasuru |
kuyamacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
kuyamariyun, |
kuyamaritan, |
kuyamariran, |
kuyamarirantan, |
|
ATT |
kuyamariyuru, |
kuyamaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
kuyamasariyun, |
kuyamasaritan |
kuyamasariran |
kuyamasarirantan |
|
ATT |
kuyamasariyuru, |
kuyamasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
kuyadeen |
kuyadeetan |
kuyadeeneen |
kuyadeeneentan |
|
ATT |
kuyadeeru |
kuyadeetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
kuyadoochun |
kuyadoochan |
kuyadeeukan |
kuyadeeukantan |
|
ATT |
kuyadoochuru |
kuyadoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
kuyam- |
|
Dictionary |
kuyamun, |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
kuyamuru,
|
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
kuyamu-,
|
|
Adverbial |
kuyami |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
kuyama |
|
Conjunctive |
kuyadi |
|
Representative |
kuyadai |
|
Imperative |
kuyami, |
|
Conditional |
kuyamee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
kuyamuru haji,
|
|
So as to... |
kuyamuru gutu,
|
|
Before... |
kuyamuru mee,
|
|
While... |
kuyamuru qweeda, kuyamuru-qweema,
|
|
Purpose |
kuyamuru tami ni,
|
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
kuyadi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
kuyadi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
kuyadi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
kuyadi-n |
|
After... |
kuyadi-kara |
|
After... |
kuyadi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
kuyami-busan |
kuyami-busantan |
kuyami-bushikoo neen, kuyami-bushikoo neeran |
kuyami-bushikoo neentan, kuyami-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kuyami-busaru |
kuyami-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
kuyami-yassan |
kuyami-yassantan |
kuyami-yashikoo neen, kuyami-yashikoo neeran |
kuyami-yashikoo neentan, kuyami-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kuyami-yassaru |
kuyami-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
kuyami-gurisan |
kuyami-gurisantan |
kuyami-gurikoo neen, kuyami-gurikoo neeran |
kuyami-gurikoo neentan, kuyami-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kuyami-gurisaru |
kuyami-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
kuyami-misheen |
kuyami-misheentan |
kuyami-misooran |
kuyami-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
kuyami-misheeru |
kuyami-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
kuyami-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
kuyamu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
kuyamu-shi |
|
Concessive |
kuyamu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
kuyamu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
kuyamu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
kuyamu-raa |
|
Questions |
kuyamu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
kuyamabiyun, |
kuyamabitan |
kuyamabiran |
kuyamabirantan |
|
ATT |
kuyamabiyuru, |
kuyamabitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
kuyamumi |
kuyadii |
kuyamani |
kuyamantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：くやむ【悔む・悔やむ】