🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
くなびーん【比びーん・較びーん・競びーん】 : kunabiin | define meaning
kunabiin
Pronunciation: [kunabiːŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To line up; to arrange in a line
- To compare
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese くらべる【比べる・較べる・競べる】 kuraberu "to compare".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- 混効験集 Konkoukenshuu (1711), "Words of the Royal Palace", records "「くなへ」竝へるなり".
Notes
Variant:
くらびーん kurabiin
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 比びーん 較びーん 競びーん |
| Kana | くなびーん |
| Romanization | kunabiin |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [kunabiːŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
kunabiyun, kunabiin |
kunabitan |
kunabiran |
kunabirantan |
|
ATT |
kunabiyuru, kunabiiru |
kunabitaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
kunabitoon |
kunabitootan |
kunabiteewuran |
kunabiteewurantan |
|
ATT |
kunabitooru |
kunabitootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
kunabirasun |
kunabirachan |
kunabirasan |
kunabirasantan |
|
ATT |
kunabirasuru |
kunabiracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
kunabirariyun, |
kunabiraritan, |
kunabirariran, |
kunabirarirantan, |
|
ATT |
kunabirariyuru, |
kunabiraritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
kunabirasariyun, |
kunabirasaritan |
kunabirasariran |
kunabirasarirantan |
|
ATT |
kunabirasariyuru, |
kunabirasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
kunabiteen |
kunabiteetan |
kunabiteeneen |
kunabiteeneentan |
|
ATT |
kunabiteeru |
kunabiteetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
kunabitoochun |
kunabitoochan |
kunabiteeukan |
kunabiteeukantan |
|
ATT |
kunabitoochuru |
kunabitoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
kunabir- |
|
Dictionary |
kunabiyun, kunabiin |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
kunabiyuru, kunabiiru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
kunabiyu-, kunabii- |
|
Adverbial |
kunabii |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
kunabira |
|
Conjunctive |
kunabiti |
|
Representative |
kunabitai |
|
Imperative |
kunabiri, |
|
Conditional |
kunabiree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
kunabiyuru haji, kunabiiru haji |
|
So as to... |
kunabiyuru gutu, kunabiiru gutu |
|
Before... |
kunabiyuru mee, kunabiiru mee |
|
While... |
kunabiyuru qweeda, kunabiyuru-qweema, kunabiiru qweeda, kunabiiru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
kunabiyuru tami ni, kunabiiru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
kunabiti-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
kunabiti-kwiin |
|
Completive |
kunabiti-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
kunabiti-n |
|
After... |
kunabiti-kara |
|
After... |
kunabiti-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
kunabii-busan |
kunabii-busantan |
kunabii-bushikoo neen, kunabii-bushikoo neeran |
kunabii-bushikoo neentan, kunabii-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kunabii-busaru |
kunabii-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
kunabii-yassan |
kunabii-yassantan |
kunabii-yashikoo neen, kunabii-yashikoo neeran |
kunabii-yashikoo neentan, kunabii-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kunabii-yassaru |
kunabii-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
kunabii-gurisan |
kunabii-gurisantan |
kunabii-gurikoo neen, kunabii-gurikoo neeran |
kunabii-gurikoo neentan, kunabii-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kunabii-gurisaru |
kunabii-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
kunabii-misheen, kunabi-misheen |
kunabii-misheentan, kunabi-misheentan |
kunabii-misooran, kunabi-misooran |
kunabii-misoorantan, kunabi-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
kunabii-misheeru, kunabi-misheeru |
kunabii-misheetaru, kunabi-misheetaru, kunabii-misoocharu, kunabi-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
kunabii-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
kunabiyu-tan, kunabii-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
kunabiyu-shi, kunabii-shi |
|
Concessive |
kunabiyu-shiga, kunabii-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
kunabiyu-kutu, kunabii-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
kunabiyu-na, kunabii-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
kunabiyu-ra kunabii-ra |
|
Questions |
kunabiyu-ga, kunabii-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
kunabiyabiyun, kunabiibiyun, |
kunabiyabitan, kunabiibitan |
kunabiyabiran, kunabiibiran |
kunabiyabirantan, kunabiibirantan |
|
ATT |
kunabiyabiyuru, kunabiibiyuru, |
kunabiyabitaru, kunabiibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
kunabiyumi, kunabiimi |
kunabitii |
kunabirani |
kunabirantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：ならべる【並べる・双べる・竝べる】、くらべる【比べる・較べる・競べる】