🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
たるぬん【頼ぬん・恃ぬん・憑ぬん】 : tarunun | define meaning
tarunun
Pronunciation: [taɾunuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To ask; to request
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese たのむ【頼む・恃む・憑む】 tanomu "to ask".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 頼ぬん 恃ぬん 憑ぬん |
| Kana | たるぬん |
| Romanization | tarunun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [taɾunuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
tarumun,
|
tarudan |
taruman |
tarumantan |
|
ATT |
tarumuru,
|
tarudaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
tarudoon |
tarudootan |
tarudeewuran |
tarudeewurantan |
|
ATT |
tarudooru |
tarudootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
tarumasun |
tarumachan |
tarumasan |
tarumasantan |
|
ATT |
tarumasuru |
tarumacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
tarumariyun, |
tarumaritan, |
tarumariran, |
tarumarirantan, |
|
ATT |
tarumariyuru, |
tarumaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
tarumasariyun, |
tarumasaritan |
tarumasariran |
tarumasarirantan |
|
ATT |
tarumasariyuru, |
tarumasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
tarudeen |
tarudeetan |
tarudeeneen |
tarudeeneentan |
|
ATT |
tarudeeru |
tarudeetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
tarudoochun |
tarudoochan |
tarudeeukan |
tarudeeukantan |
|
ATT |
tarudoochuru |
tarudoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
tarum- |
|
Dictionary |
tarumun, |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
tarumuru,
|
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
tarumu-,
|
|
Adverbial |
tarumi |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
taruma |
|
Conjunctive |
tarudi |
|
Representative |
tarudai |
|
Imperative |
tarumi, |
|
Conditional |
tarumee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
tarumuru haji,
|
|
So as to... |
tarumuru gutu,
|
|
Before... |
tarumuru mee,
|
|
While... |
tarumuru qweeda, tarumuru-qweema,
|
|
Purpose |
tarumuru tami ni,
|
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
tarudi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
tarudi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
tarudi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
tarudi-n |
|
After... |
tarudi-kara |
|
After... |
tarudi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
tarumi-busan |
tarumi-busantan |
tarumi-bushikoo neen, tarumi-bushikoo neeran |
tarumi-bushikoo neentan, tarumi-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
tarumi-busaru |
tarumi-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
tarumi-yassan |
tarumi-yassantan |
tarumi-yashikoo neen, tarumi-yashikoo neeran |
tarumi-yashikoo neentan, tarumi-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
tarumi-yassaru |
tarumi-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
tarumi-gurisan |
tarumi-gurisantan |
tarumi-gurikoo neen, tarumi-gurikoo neeran |
tarumi-gurikoo neentan, tarumi-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
tarumi-gurisaru |
tarumi-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
tarumi-misheen |
tarumi-misheentan |
tarumi-misooran |
tarumi-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
tarumi-misheeru |
tarumi-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
tarumi-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
tarumu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
tarumu-shi |
|
Concessive |
tarumu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
tarumu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
tarumu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
tarumu-raa |
|
Questions |
tarumu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
tarumabiyun, |
tarumabitan |
tarumabiran |
tarumabirantan |
|
ATT |
tarumabiyuru, |
tarumabitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
tarumumi |
tarudii |
tarumani |
tarumantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：たのむ【頼む・恃む・憑む】