🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
かわいん【変わいん・変いん】 : kawain | define meaning
kawain
Pronunciation: [kawaiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To change; to transform; to become different
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese かわる【変わる・変る】 kawaru "to change".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 変わいん 変いん |
| Kana | かわいん |
| Romanization | kawain |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [kawaiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
kawayun, kawain |
kawatan |
kawaran |
kawarantan |
|
ATT |
kawayuru, kawairu |
kawataru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
kawatoon |
kawatootan |
kawateewuran |
kawateewurantan |
|
ATT |
kawatooru |
kawatootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
kawarasun |
kawarachan |
kawarasan |
kawarasantan |
|
ATT |
kawarasuru |
kawaracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
kawarariyun, |
kawararitan, |
kawarariran, |
kawararirantan, |
|
ATT |
kawarariyuru, |
kawararitaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
kawarasariyun, |
kawarasaritan |
kawarasariran |
kawarasarirantan |
|
ATT |
kawarasariyuru, |
kawarasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
kawateen |
kawateetan |
kawateeneen |
kawateeneentan |
|
ATT |
kawateeru |
kawateetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
kawatoochun |
kawatoochan |
kawateeukan |
kawateeukantan |
|
ATT |
kawatoochuru |
kawatoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
kawar- |
|
Dictionary |
kawayun, kawain |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
kawayuru, kawairu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
kawayu-, kawai- |
|
Adverbial |
kawai |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
kawara |
|
Conjunctive |
kawati |
|
Representative |
kawatai |
|
Imperative |
kawari, |
|
Conditional |
kawaree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
kawayuru haji, kawairu haji |
|
So as to... |
kawayuru gutu, kawairu gutu |
|
Before... |
kawayuru mee, kawairu mee |
|
While... |
kawayuru qweeda, kawayuru-qweema, kawairu qweeda, kawairu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
kawayuru tami ni, kawairu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
kawati-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
kawati-kwiin |
|
Completive |
kawati-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
kawati-n |
|
After... |
kawati-kara |
|
After... |
kawati-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
kawai-busan |
kawai-busantan |
kawai-bushikoo neen, kawai-bushikoo neeran |
kawai-bushikoo neentan, kawai-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kawai-busaru |
kawai-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
kawai-yassan |
kawai-yassantan |
kawai-yashikoo neen, kawai-yashikoo neeran |
kawai-yashikoo neentan, kawai-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kawai-yassaru |
kawai-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
kawai-gurisan |
kawai-gurisantan |
kawai-gurikoo neen, kawai-gurikoo neeran |
kawai-gurikoo neentan, kawai-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kawai-gurisaru |
kawai-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
kawai-misheen, kawa-misheen |
kawai-misheentan, kawa-misheentan |
kawai-misooran, kawa-misooran |
kawai-misoorantan, kawa-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
kawai-misheeru, kawa-misheeru |
kawai-misheetaru, kawa-misheetaru, kawai-misoocharu, kawa-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
kawai-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
kawayu-tan, kawai-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
kawayu-shi, kawai-shi |
|
Concessive |
kawayu-shiga, kawai-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
kawayu-kutu, kawai-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
kawayu-na, kawai-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
kawayu-ra kawai-ra |
|
Questions |
kawayu-ga, kawai-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
kawayabiyun, kawaibiyun, |
kawayabitan, kawaibitan |
kawayabiran, kawaibiran |
kawayabirantan, kawaibirantan |
|
ATT |
kawayabiyuru, kawaibiyuru, |
kawayabitaru, kawaibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
kawayumi, kawaimi |
kawatii |
kawarani |
kawarantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：かわる【変わる・変る】