🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
まきーん【負きーん・敗きーん】 : makiin | define meaning
makiin
Pronunciation: [makiːŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To lose (a competition); to be defeated
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese まける【負ける・敗ける】 makeru "to lose".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 負きーん 敗きーん |
| Kana | まきーん |
| Romanization | makiin |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [makiːŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
makiyun, makiin |
makitan |
makiran |
makirantan |
|
ATT |
makiyuru, makiiru |
makitaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
makitoon |
makitootan |
makiteewuran |
makiteewurantan |
|
ATT |
makitooru |
makitootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
makirasun |
makirachan |
makirasan |
makirasantan |
|
ATT |
makirasuru |
makiracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
makirariyun, |
makiraritan, |
makirariran, |
makirarirantan, |
|
ATT |
makirariyuru, |
makiraritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
makirasariyun, |
makirasaritan |
makirasariran |
makirasarirantan |
|
ATT |
makirasariyuru, |
makirasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
makiteen |
makiteetan |
makiteeneen |
makiteeneentan |
|
ATT |
makiteeru |
makiteetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
makitoochun |
makitoochan |
makiteeukan |
makiteeukantan |
|
ATT |
makitoochuru |
makitoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
makir- |
|
Dictionary |
makiyun, makiin |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
makiyuru, makiiru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
makiyu-, makii- |
|
Adverbial |
makii |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
makira |
|
Conjunctive |
makiti |
|
Representative |
makitai |
|
Imperative |
makiri, |
|
Conditional |
makiree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
makiyuru haji, makiiru haji |
|
So as to... |
makiyuru gutu, makiiru gutu |
|
Before... |
makiyuru mee, makiiru mee |
|
While... |
makiyuru qweeda, makiyuru-qweema, makiiru qweeda, makiiru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
makiyuru tami ni, makiiru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
makiti-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
makiti-kwiin |
|
Completive |
makiti-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
makiti-n |
|
After... |
makiti-kara |
|
After... |
makiti-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
makii-busan |
makii-busantan |
makii-bushikoo neen, makii-bushikoo neeran |
makii-bushikoo neentan, makii-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
makii-busaru |
makii-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
makii-yassan |
makii-yassantan |
makii-yashikoo neen, makii-yashikoo neeran |
makii-yashikoo neentan, makii-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
makii-yassaru |
makii-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
makii-gurisan |
makii-gurisantan |
makii-gurikoo neen, makii-gurikoo neeran |
makii-gurikoo neentan, makii-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
makii-gurisaru |
makii-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
makii-misheen, maki-misheen |
makii-misheentan, maki-misheentan |
makii-misooran, maki-misooran |
makii-misoorantan, maki-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
makii-misheeru, maki-misheeru |
makii-misheetaru, maki-misheetaru, makii-misoocharu, maki-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
makii-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
makiyu-tan, makii-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
makiyu-shi, makii-shi |
|
Concessive |
makiyu-shiga, makii-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
makiyu-kutu, makii-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
makiyu-na, makii-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
makiyu-ra makii-ra |
|
Questions |
makiyu-ga, makii-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
makiyabiyun, makiibiyun, |
makiyabitan, makiibitan |
makiyabiran, makiibiran |
makiyabirantan, makiibirantan |
|
ATT |
makiyabiyuru, makiibiyuru, |
makiyabitaru, makiibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
makiyumi, makiimi |
makitii |
makirani |
makirantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：まける【負ける・敗ける・敗北る】