🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
あきーん【開きーん・空きーん・明きーん】 : akiin | define meaning
akiin
Pronunciation: [ʔakiːŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To open
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese あける【開ける・空ける・明ける】 akeru "to open".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 開きーん 空きーん 明きーん |
| Kana | あきーん |
| Romanization | akiin |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ʔakiːŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
akiyun, akiin |
akitan |
akiran |
akirantan |
|
ATT |
akiyuru, akiiru |
akitaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
akitoon |
akitootan |
akiteewuran |
akiteewurantan |
|
ATT |
akitooru |
akitootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
akirasun |
akirachan |
akirasan |
akirasantan |
|
ATT |
akirasuru |
akiracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
akirariyun, |
akiraritan, |
akirariran, |
akirarirantan, |
|
ATT |
akirariyuru, |
akiraritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
akirasariyun, |
akirasaritan |
akirasariran |
akirasarirantan |
|
ATT |
akirasariyuru, |
akirasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
akiteen |
akiteetan |
akiteeneen |
akiteeneentan |
|
ATT |
akiteeru |
akiteetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
akitoochun |
akitoochan |
akiteeukan |
akiteeukantan |
|
ATT |
akitoochuru |
akitoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
akir- |
|
Dictionary |
akiyun, akiin |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
akiyuru, akiiru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
akiyu-, akii- |
|
Adverbial |
akii |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
akira |
|
Conjunctive |
akiti |
|
Representative |
akitai |
|
Imperative |
akiri, |
|
Conditional |
akiree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
akiyuru haji, akiiru haji |
|
So as to... |
akiyuru gutu, akiiru gutu |
|
Before... |
akiyuru mee, akiiru mee |
|
While... |
akiyuru qweeda, akiyuru-qweema, akiiru qweeda, akiiru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
akiyuru tami ni, akiiru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
akiti-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
akiti-kwiin |
|
Completive |
akiti-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
akiti-n |
|
After... |
akiti-kara |
|
After... |
akiti-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
akii-busan |
akii-busantan |
akii-bushikoo neen, akii-bushikoo neeran |
akii-bushikoo neentan, akii-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
akii-busaru |
akii-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
akii-yassan |
akii-yassantan |
akii-yashikoo neen, akii-yashikoo neeran |
akii-yashikoo neentan, akii-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
akii-yassaru |
akii-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
akii-gurisan |
akii-gurisantan |
akii-gurikoo neen, akii-gurikoo neeran |
akii-gurikoo neentan, akii-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
akii-gurisaru |
akii-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
akii-misheen, aki-misheen |
akii-misheentan, aki-misheentan |
akii-misooran, aki-misooran |
akii-misoorantan, aki-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
akii-misheeru, aki-misheeru |
akii-misheetaru, aki-misheetaru, akii-misoocharu, aki-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
akii-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
akiyu-tan, akii-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
akiyu-shi, akii-shi |
|
Concessive |
akiyu-shiga, akii-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
akiyu-kutu, akii-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
akiyu-na, akii-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
akiyu-ra akii-ra |
|
Questions |
akiyu-ga, akii-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
akiyabiyun, akiibiyun, |
akiyabitan, akiibitan |
akiyabiran, akiibiran |
akiyabirantan, akiibirantan |
|
ATT |
akiyabiyuru, akiibiyuru, |
akiyabitaru, akiibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
akiyumi, akiimi |
akitii |
akirani |
akirantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：あける【開ける・空ける・明ける】