🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
やしないん【養いん】 : yashinain | define meaning
yashinain
Pronunciation: [jaɕinaiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To raise (a child); to rear; to provide for; to help grow
- To cultivate (a skill, an ability); to develop; to build; to foster
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese やしなう【養う】 yashinau "to raise; to cultivate".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 養いん |
| Kana | やしないん |
| Romanization | yashinain |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [jaɕinaiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
yashinayun, yashinain |
yashinatan |
yashinaan, yashinaran |
yashinaantan, yashinarantan |
|
ATT |
yashinayuru, yashinairu |
yashinataru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
yashinatoon |
yashinatootan |
yashinateewuran |
yashinateewurantan |
|
ATT |
yashinatooru |
yashinatootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
yashinaasun |
yashinaachan |
yashinaasan |
yashinaasantan |
|
ATT |
yashinaasuru |
yashinaacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
yashinaariyun, |
yashinaaritan, |
yashinaariran, |
yashinaarirantan, |
|
ATT |
yashinaariyuru, |
yashinaaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
yashinaasariyun, |
yashinaasaritan |
yashinaasariran |
yashinaasarirantan |
|
ATT |
yashinaasariyuru, |
yashinaasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
yashinateen |
yashinateetan |
yashinateeneen |
yashinateeneentan |
|
ATT |
yashinateeru |
yashinateetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
yashinatoochun |
yashinatoochan |
yashinateeukan |
yashinateeukantan |
|
ATT |
yashinatoochuru |
yashinatoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
yashina- |
|
Dictionary |
yashinayun, yashinain |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
yashinayuru, yashinairu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
yashinayu-, yashinai- |
|
Adverbial |
yashinai, yashinee |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
yashinara |
|
Conjunctive |
yashinati |
|
Representative |
yashinatai |
|
Imperative |
yashinari, |
|
Conditional |
yashinaree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
yashinayuru haji, yashinairu haji |
|
So as to... |
yashinayuru gutu, yashinairu gutu |
|
Before... |
yashinayuru mee, yashinairu mee |
|
While... |
yashinayuru qweeda, yashinayuru-qweema, yashinairu qweeda, yashinairu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
yashinayuru tami ni, yashinairu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
yashinati-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
yashinati-kwiin |
|
Completive |
yashinati-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
yashinati-n |
|
After... |
yashinati-kara |
|
After... |
yashinati-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
yashinai-busan, yashinee-busan |
yashinai-busantan, yashinee-busantan |
yashinai-bushikoo neen, yashinee-bushikoo neen, yashinai-bushikoo neeran yashinee-bushikoo neeran |
yashinai-bushikoo neentan, yashinee-bushikoo neentan, yashinai-bushikoo neerantan yashinee-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
yashinai-busaru, yashinee-busaru |
yashinai-busataru, yashinee-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
yashinai-yassan, yashinee-yassan |
yashinai-yassantan, yashinee-yassantan |
yashinai-yashikoo neen, yashinee-yashikoo neen, yashinai-yashikoo neeran, yashinee-yashikoo neeran |
yashinai-yashikoo neentan, yashinee-yashikoo neentan, yashinai-yashikoo neerantan, yashinee-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
yashinai-yassaru, yashinee-yassaru |
yashinai-yassataru, yashinee-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
yashinai-gurisan, yashinee-gurisan |
yashinai-gurisantan, yashinee-gurisantan |
yashinai-gurikoo neen, yashinee-gurikoo neen, yashinai-gurikoo neeran, yashinee-gurikoo neeran |
yashinai-gurikoo neentan, yashinee-gurikoo neentan, yashinai-gurikoo neerantan, yashinee-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
yashinai-gurisaru, yashinee-gurisaru |
yashinai-gurisataru, yashinee-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
yashinai-misheen, yashinee-misheen |
yashinai-misheentan, yashinee-misheentan |
yashinai-misooran, yashinee-misooran |
yashinai-misoorantan, yashinee-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
yashinai-misheeru, yashinee-misheeru |
yashinai-misheetaru, yashinee-misheetaru, yashinai-misoocharu, yashinee-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
yashinai-gachii, yashinee-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
yashinayu-tan, yashinai-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
yashinayu-shi, yashinai-shi |
|
Concessive |
yashinayu-shiga, yashinai-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
yashinayu-kutu, yashinai-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
yashinayu-na, yashinai-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
yashinayu-raa yashinai-raa |
|
Questions |
yashinayu-ga, yashinai-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
yashinayabiyun, yashinaibiyun, |
yashinayabitan, yashinaibitan |
yashinayabiran, yashinaibiran |
yashinayabirantan, yashinaibirantan |
|
ATT |
yashinayabiyuru, yashinaibiyuru, |
yashinayabitaru, yashinaibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
yashinayumi, yashinaimi |
yashinatii |
yashinaani |
yashinaantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：やしなう【養う】