🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
やちゅん【焼ちゅん・燬ちゅん・焚ちゅん】 : yachun | define meaning
yachun
Pronunciation: [jat͡ɕuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To burn
- To cook with heat. To heat; to grill; to bake; to toast.
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese やく【焼く・燬く・焚く】 yaku "to burn".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo Island, in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford, records "Burn, to. Yáddee, or A'kka", "Fire will burn you. Fee yáddee", "Water will scald you. Meésee yáddee", and "Scalding oneself with hot water. Meézee fidgeroósa yoo yáddee".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 焼ちゅん 燬ちゅん 焚ちゅん |
| Kana | やちゅん |
| Romanization | yachun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [jat͡ɕuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
yachun |
yachan |
yakan |
yakantan |
|
ATT |
yachuru |
yacharu |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
yachoon |
yachootan |
yacheewuran |
yacheewurantan |
|
ATT |
yachooru |
yachootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
yakasun |
yakachan |
yakasan |
yakasantan |
|
ATT |
yakasuru |
yakacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
yakariyun, |
yakaritan, |
yakariran, |
yakarirantan, |
|
ATT |
yakariyuru, |
yakaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
yakasariyun, |
yakasaritan |
yakasariran |
yakasarirantan |
|
ATT |
yakasariyuru, |
yakasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
yacheen |
yacheetan |
yacheeneen |
yacheeneentan |
|
ATT |
yacheeru |
yacheetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
yachoochun |
yachoochan |
yacheeukan |
yacheeukantan |
|
ATT |
yachoochuru |
yachoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
yak- |
|
Dictionary |
yachun |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
yachuru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
yachu- |
|
Adverbial |
yachi |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
yaka |
|
Conjunctive |
yachi |
|
Representative |
yachai |
|
Imperative |
yaki, |
|
Conditional |
yakee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
yachuru haji |
|
So as to... |
yachuru gutu |
|
Before... |
yachuru mee |
|
While... |
yachuru qweeda, yanuru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
yachuru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
yachi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
yachi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
yachi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
yachi-n |
|
After... |
yachi-kara |
|
After... |
yachi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
yachi-busan |
yachi-busantan |
yachi-bushikoo neen, yachi-bushikoo neeran |
yachi-bushikoo neentan, yachi-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
yachi-busaru |
yachi-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
yachi-yassan |
yachi-yassantan |
yachi-yashikoo neen, yachi-yashikoo neeran |
yachi-yashikoo neentan, yachi-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
yachi-yassaru |
yachi-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
yachi-gurisan |
yachi-gurisantan |
yachi-gurikoo neen, yachi-gurikoo neeran |
yachi-gurikoo neentan, yachi-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
yachi-gurisaru |
yachi-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
yachi-misheen |
yachi-misheentan |
yachi-misooran |
yachi-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
yachi-misheeru |
yachi-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
yachi-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
yachu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
yachu-shi |
|
Concessive |
yachu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
yachu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
yachu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
yachu-raa |
|
Questions |
yachu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
yachabiyun, |
yachabitan |
yachabiran |
yachabirantan |
|
ATT |
yachabiyuru, |
yachabitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
yachumi |
yachii |
yakani |
yakantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：やく【焼く・燬く・焚く】