🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
みっくゎさん・みっくぁさん : mikkwasan | define meaning
mikkwasan
Pronunciation: [mikkʷasaŋ̍]
Definition
Sa-Adjective
- Loathsome; detestable; despicable; horrible; repulsive; abhorrent; hated; hateful
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese にくらしい【憎らしい】 nikurashii "loathsome".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kana | みっくゎさん みっくぁさん |
| New Okinawa Moji | みっ彩さん |
| Romanization | mikkwasan |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [mikkʷasaŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
mikkwasan |
mikkwasatan |
mikkwakoo neen, mikkwakoo neeran |
mikkwakoo neentan, mikkwakoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
mikkwasaru |
mikkwasataru |
mikkwakoo neentaru, mikkwakoo neerantaru |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
mikkwa- |
|
Dictionary |
mikkwasan |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
mikkwasaru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
mikkwasa- |
|
Noun form |
mikkwasa |
|
Adverbial form |
mikkwaku |
|
Topicalized adverbial form |
mikkwakoo |
|
Topicalized adverbial form |
mikkwakoo |
|
Conjunctive |
mikkwasati |
|
Continuative |
mikkwasai |
|
Conditional |
mikkwasaree |
|
Provisional conditional |
mikkwasaraa |
|
Consequential |
mikkwasanu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Concessive conditional |
mikkwati-n |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
To become... |
mikkwaku nain |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Concessive |
mikkwasa-shiga |
|
Topicalized concessive |
mikkwasaa-a-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
mikkwasa-kutu |
|
Nominalized |
mikkwasa-shi |
|
Inferential |
mikkwasa sun |
|
Questions |
mikkwasa-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
mikkwasayabiyun†, mikkwasaibiyun†, |
mikkwasayabitan†, mikkwasaibitan |
mikkwakoo neeyabiran†, mikkwakoo neebiran |
mikkwakoo neeyabirantan†, mikkwakoo neebirantan |
|
ATT |
mikkwasayabiyuru†, mikkwasaibiyuru†, |
mikkwasayabitaru, mikkwasaibitaru |
mikkwakoo neeyabirantaru†, mikkwakoo neebirantaru |
||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
mikkwasami |
mikkwasatii |
mikkwakoo neeni, mikkwakoo neerani |
mikkwakoo neentii, mikkwakoo neerantii |
|
Conjecture |
PRED |
mikkwasan nee sun |
mikkwasatan nee sun |
mikkwakoo neen nee sun, mikkwakoo neeran nee sun |
mikkwakoo neentan nee sun, mikkwakoo neerantan nee sun |
† These forms are considered literary.
Adjective paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：にくい【憎い】、にくらしい【憎らしい】