🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
ふぃるがいん【広がいん・拡がいん】 : firugain | define meaning
firugain
Pronunciation: [ɸiɾuɡaiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To spread; to expand; to extend; to stretch
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese ひろがる【広がる・拡がる】 hirogaru "to spread, to extend".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 広がいん 拡がいん |
| Kana | ふぃるがいん |
| New Okinawa Moji | 懲るがいん |
| Romanization | firugain |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ɸiɾuɡaiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
firugayun, firugain |
firugatan |
firugaran |
firugarantan |
|
ATT |
firugayuru, firugairu |
firugataru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
firugatoon |
firugatootan |
firugateewuran |
firugateewurantan |
|
ATT |
firugatooru |
firugatootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
firugarasun |
firugarachan |
firugarasan |
firugarasantan |
|
ATT |
firugarasuru |
firugaracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
firugarariyun, |
firugararitan, |
firugarariran, |
firugararirantan, |
|
ATT |
firugarariyuru, |
firugararitaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
firugarasariyun, |
firugarasaritan |
firugarasariran |
firugarasarirantan |
|
ATT |
firugarasariyuru, |
firugarasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
firugateen |
firugateetan |
firugateeneen |
firugateeneentan |
|
ATT |
firugateeru |
firugateetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
firugatoochun |
firugatoochan |
firugateeukan |
firugateeukantan |
|
ATT |
firugatoochuru |
firugatoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
firugar- |
|
Dictionary |
firugayun, firugain |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
firugayuru, firugairu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
firugayu-, firugai- |
|
Adverbial |
firugai |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
firugara |
|
Conjunctive |
firugati |
|
Representative |
firugatai |
|
Imperative |
firugari, |
|
Conditional |
firugaree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
firugayuru haji, firugairu haji |
|
So as to... |
firugayuru gutu, firugairu gutu |
|
Before... |
firugayuru mee, firugairu mee |
|
While... |
firugayuru qweeda, firugayuru-qweema, firugairu qweeda, firugairu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
firugayuru tami ni, firugairu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
firugati-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
firugati-kwiin |
|
Completive |
firugati-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
firugati-n |
|
After... |
firugati-kara |
|
After... |
firugati-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
firugai-busan |
firugai-busantan |
firugai-bushikoo neen, firugai-bushikoo neeran |
firugai-bushikoo neentan, firugai-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firugai-busaru |
firugai-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
firugai-yassan |
firugai-yassantan |
firugai-yashikoo neen, firugai-yashikoo neeran |
firugai-yashikoo neentan, firugai-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firugai-yassaru |
firugai-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
firugai-gurisan |
firugai-gurisantan |
firugai-gurikoo neen, firugai-gurikoo neeran |
firugai-gurikoo neentan, firugai-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firugai-gurisaru |
firugai-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
firugai-misheen, firuga-misheen |
firugai-misheentan, firuga-misheentan |
firugai-misooran, firuga-misooran |
firugai-misoorantan, firuga-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
firugai-misheeru, firuga-misheeru |
firugai-misheetaru, firuga-misheetaru, firugai-misoocharu, firuga-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
firugai-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
firugayu-tan, firugai-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
firugayu-shi, firugai-shi |
|
Concessive |
firugayu-shiga, firugai-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
firugayu-kutu, firugai-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
firugayu-na, firugai-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
firugayu-ra firugai-ra |
|
Questions |
firugayu-ga, firugai-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
firugayabiyun, firugaibiyun, |
firugayabitan, firugaibitan |
firugayabiran, firugaibiran |
firugayabirantan, firugaibirantan |
|
ATT |
firugayabiyuru, firugaibiyuru, |
firugayabitaru, firugaibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
firugayumi, firugaimi |
firugatii |
firugarani |
firugarantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：ひろがる【広がる・拡がる】