🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
ちゅらさん【美らさん・清らさん】 : churasan | define meaning
churasan
Pronunciation: [t͡ɕuɾasaŋ̍]
Definition
Sa-Adjective
- Beautiful; lovely; darling; pretty; elegant
- (Dated) Pure; clean; clear
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese きよら【清ら】 kiyora "pure, beautiful" and its variants けうら keura and きょうら kyoura.
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- おもろさうし Omoro Saushi (1531-1623) records "きよら" and "きよらさ".
- 混効験集 Konkoukenshuu (1711), "Words of the Royal Palace", records "「きよらさ」美麗なり清の字を書和詞にも通ふ徒然草に萬にきよらを尽しても又は手足なとのきよらに肥あふらつきたらんと有も此心なり".
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo Island, in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford, records "Good (proper). Choorása", "Handsome. Choorása" and "Woman, handsome. Choorása innágo".
Discussion
- The Kanji spelling 【美らさん】 is largely preferred in Okinawa as its usage aligns more closely with the Japanese term うつくしい【美しい】 utsukushii "beautiful".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 美らさん 清らさん |
| Kana | ちゅらさん |
| Romanization | churasan |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [t͡ɕuɾasaŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
churasan |
churasatan |
churakoo neen, churakoo neeran |
churakoo neentan, churakoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
churasaru |
churasataru |
churakoo neentaru, churakoo neerantaru |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
chura- |
|
Dictionary |
churasan |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
churasaru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
churasa- |
|
Noun form |
churasa |
|
Adverbial form |
churaku |
|
Topicalized adverbial form |
churakoo |
|
Topicalized adverbial form |
churakoo |
|
Conjunctive |
churasati |
|
Continuative |
churasai |
|
Conditional |
churasaree |
|
Provisional conditional |
churasaraa |
|
Consequential |
churasanu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Concessive conditional |
churati-n |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
To become... |
churaku nain |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Concessive |
churasa-shiga |
|
Topicalized concessive |
churasaa-a-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
churasa-kutu |
|
Nominalized |
churasa-shi |
|
Inferential |
churasa sun |
|
Questions |
churasa-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
churasayabiyun†, churasaibiyun†, |
churasayabitan†, churasaibitan |
churakoo neeyabiran†, churakoo neebiran |
churakoo neeyabirantan†, churakoo neebirantan |
|
ATT |
churasayabiyuru†, churasaibiyuru†, |
churasayabitaru, churasaibitaru |
churakoo neeyabirantaru†, churakoo neebirantaru |
||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
churasami |
churasatii |
churakoo neeni, churakoo neerani |
churakoo neentii, churakoo neerantii |
|
Conjecture |
PRED |
churasan nee sun |
churasatan nee sun |
churakoo neen nee sun, churakoo neeran nee sun |
churakoo neentan nee sun, churakoo neerantan nee sun |
† These forms are considered literary.
Adjective paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：うつくしい【美しい】、きれい【綺麗・奇麗・暉麗】、きよら・けうら・きょうら【清ら】