🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
なちゅん【鳴ちゅん】 : nachun | define meaning
nachun
Pronunciation: [nat͡ɕuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese なく【鳴く】 naku "to make a sound (animal)".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo Island, in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford, records "Cry, to. Nachoong" and "Cat, to mew as a. Náchoong deéoong".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 鳴ちゅん |
| Kana | なちゅん |
| Romanization | nachun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [nat͡ɕuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
nachun |
nachan |
nakan |
nakantan |
|
ATT |
nachuru |
nacharu |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
nachoon |
nachootan |
nacheewuran |
nacheewurantan |
|
ATT |
nachooru |
nachootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
nakasun |
nakachan |
nakasan |
nakasantan |
|
ATT |
nakasuru |
nakacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
nakariyun, |
nakaritan, |
nakariran, |
nakarirantan, |
|
ATT |
nakariyuru, |
nakaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
nakasariyun, |
nakasaritan |
nakasariran |
nakasarirantan |
|
ATT |
nakasariyuru, |
nakasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
nacheen |
nacheetan |
nacheeneen |
nacheeneentan |
|
ATT |
nacheeru |
nacheetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
nachoochun |
nachoochan |
nacheeukan |
nacheeukantan |
|
ATT |
nachoochuru |
nachoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
nak- |
|
Dictionary |
nachun |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
nachuru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
nachu- |
|
Adverbial |
nachi |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
naka |
|
Conjunctive |
nachi |
|
Representative |
nachai |
|
Imperative |
naki, |
|
Conditional |
nakee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
nachuru haji |
|
So as to... |
nachuru gutu |
|
Before... |
nachuru mee |
|
While... |
nachuru qweeda, nanuru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
nachuru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
nachi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
nachi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
nachi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
nachi-n |
|
After... |
nachi-kara |
|
After... |
nachi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
nachi-busan |
nachi-busantan |
nachi-bushikoo neen, nachi-bushikoo neeran |
nachi-bushikoo neentan, nachi-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
nachi-busaru |
nachi-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
nachi-yassan |
nachi-yassantan |
nachi-yashikoo neen, nachi-yashikoo neeran |
nachi-yashikoo neentan, nachi-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
nachi-yassaru |
nachi-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
nachi-gurisan |
nachi-gurisantan |
nachi-gurikoo neen, nachi-gurikoo neeran |
nachi-gurikoo neentan, nachi-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
nachi-gurisaru |
nachi-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
nachi-misheen |
nachi-misheentan |
nachi-misooran |
nachi-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
nachi-misheeru |
nachi-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
nachi-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
nachu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
nachu-shi |
|
Concessive |
nachu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
nachu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
nachu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
nachu-raa |
|
Questions |
nachu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
nachabiyun, |
nachabitan |
nachabiran |
nachabirantan |
|
ATT |
nachabiyuru, |
nachabitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
nachumi |
nachii |
nakani |
nakantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：なく【鳴く】