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🌏 Region(s): Kansai

あかん【明かん】

akan

Definition

Negative verb

  1. Used alone, signals that something is not good or that it is forbidden.
    1. ちかんはあかん【痴漢は明かんで】
      chikan wa akan de
      "No Perverts", "Perversion is wrong"
    2. あしたあかんねん【明日明かんねん】
      ashita akan nen
      "Tomorrow won't do", "Not tomorrow"
  2. Indicates that an action must not be performed, when following a verb ending in  (あ)た -(a)ta or (あ)たら -(a)tara.
    1. とまったらあかん【止まったら明かん
      tomattara akan
      "You must not stop"
    2. さわったあかん【触った明かんで】
      sawatta akan de
      "You must not touch", "Do not touch"
  3. Indicates that an action must be performed, when following a verb ending in the negative forms (あ)な -(a)na or (あ)んと -(a)nto.
    1. いわしをたべなあかん【鰯を食べな明かん
      iwashi o tabena akan
      "You must eat your sardines"
    2. もっとがんばらなあかん【もっと頑張らな明かん
      motto ganbarana akan
      "(I) must do better"
    3. こんとあかん【来んと明かん
      konto akan
      "(You) must come"

Etymology

Derived from the negative ぬ -nu form of the verb あく【明く】 aku, meaning "to be open, available, free, welcomed".

Notes

Polite form: あきまへん【明きまへん】 akimahen.

Used in the expression らちがあかん【埒が明かん】 rachi ga akan, meaning "to not settle an issue; to make no progress; to waste time", from the plain form らちがあく【埒が明く】 rachi ga aku  "to settle an issue; to make progress".

意味:ならない、いけない、だめ

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明かん