🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
とぅぶん【飛ぶん】 : tubun | define meaning
tubun
Pronunciation: [tubuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To fly; to soar
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese とぶ【飛ぶ】 tobu "to fly; to jump".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo Island, in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford, records "Fly, to, as a bird. Toóbeeoong".
Notes
For the meaning of "to jump, to leap", see the verb とぅぬじゅん tunujun "to jump" (or its variants とぅんじゅん tunjun and とぅんじーん tunjiin) as well as はにーん【跳にーん】 haniin "to jump; to hop; to bounce".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 飛ぶん |
| Kana | とぅぶん |
| New Okinawa Moji | 婢ぶん |
| Romanization | tubun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [tubuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
tubun |
tudan |
tuban |
tubantan |
|
ATT |
tuburu |
tudaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
tudoon |
tudootan |
tudeewuran |
tudeewurantan |
|
ATT |
tudooru |
tudootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
tubasun |
tubachan |
tubasan |
tubasantan |
|
ATT |
tubasuru |
tubacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
tubariyun, |
tubaritan, |
tubariran, |
tubarirantan, |
|
ATT |
tubariyuru, |
tubaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
tubasariyun, |
tubasaritan |
tubasariran |
tubasarirantan |
|
ATT |
tubasariyuru, |
tubasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
tudeen |
tudeetan |
tudeeneen |
tudeeneentan |
|
ATT |
tudeeru |
tudeetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
tudoochun |
tudoochan |
tudeeukan |
tudeeukantan |
|
ATT |
tudoochuru |
tudoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
tub- |
|
Dictionary |
tubun |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
tuburu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
tubu- |
|
Adverbial |
tubi |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
tuba |
|
Conjunctive |
tudi |
|
Representative |
tudai |
|
Imperative |
tubi, |
|
Conditional |
tubee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
tuburu haji |
|
So as to... |
tuburu gutu |
|
Before... |
tuburu mee |
|
While... |
tuburu qweeda, tuburu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
tuburu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
tudi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
tudi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
tudi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
tudi-n |
|
After... |
tudi-kara |
|
After... |
tudi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
tubi-busan |
tubi-busantan |
tubi-bushikoo neen, tubi-bushikoo neeran |
tubi-bushikoo neentan, tubi-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
tubi-busaru |
tubi-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
tubi-yassan |
tubi-yassantan |
tubi-yashikoo neen, tubi-yashikoo neeran |
tubi-yashikoo neentan, tubi-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
tubi-yassaru |
tubi-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
tubi-gurisan |
tubi-gurisantan |
tubi-gurikoo neen, tubi-gurikoo neeran |
tubi-gurikoo neentan, tubi-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
tubi-gurisaru |
tubi-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
tubi-misheen |
tubi-misheentan |
tubi-misooran |
tubi-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
tubi-misheeru |
tubi-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
tubi-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
tubu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
tubu-shi |
|
Concessive |
tubu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
tubu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
tubu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
tubu-raa |
|
Questions |
tubu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
tubabiyun, |
tubabitan |
tubabiran |
tubabirantan |
|
ATT |
tubabiyuru, |
tubabitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
tubumi |
tudii |
tubani |
tubantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：つばさでとぶ【翼で飛ぶ】、とぶ【飛ぶ】