🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
しーん【知ん】 : shiin | define meaning
shiin
Pronunciation: [ɕiːŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To know
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese しる【知る】 shiru "to know".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo Island, in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford, records "Hear, to. Sit'choong, or Skit'choong", "Hear, I. Moónoo sit'choong", "Hear, I cannot (or understand). Sit'cheerang, or Sit'cheekárang" and "I speak, you hear. Moónooyoong, ya sit'choong, or Chíckkee".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 知ん |
| Kana | しーん |
| Romanization | shiin |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ɕiːŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
shiyun, shiin |
shicchan |
shiran |
shirantan |
|
ATT |
shiyuru, shiiru |
shiccharu |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
shicchoon |
shicchootan |
shiccheewuran |
shiccheewurantan |
|
ATT |
shicchooru |
shicchootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
shirasun |
shirachan |
shirasan |
shirasantan |
|
ATT |
shirasuru |
shiracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
shirariyun, |
shiraritan, |
shirariran, |
shirarirantan, |
|
ATT |
shirariyuru, |
shiraritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
shirasariyun, |
shirasaritan |
shirasariran |
shirasarirantan |
|
ATT |
shirasariyuru, |
shirasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
shiccheen |
shiccheetan |
shiccheeneen |
shiccheeneentan |
|
ATT |
shiccheeru |
shiccheetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
shicchoochun |
shicchoochan |
shiccheeukan |
shiccheeukantan |
|
ATT |
shicchoochuru |
shicchoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
shir- |
|
Dictionary |
shiyun, shiin |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
shiyuru, shiiru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
shiyu-, shii- |
|
Adverbial |
shii |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
shira |
|
Conjunctive |
shicchi |
|
Representative |
shicchai |
|
Imperative |
shiri, |
|
Conditional |
shiree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
shiyuru haji, shiiru haji |
|
So as to... |
shiyuru gutu, shiiru gutu |
|
Before... |
shiyuru mee, shiiru mee |
|
While... |
shiyuru qweeda, shiyuru-qweema, shiiru qweeda, shiiru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
shiyuru tami ni, shiiru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
shicchi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
shicchi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
shicchi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
shicchi-n |
|
After... |
shicchi-kara |
|
After... |
shicchi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
shii-busan |
shii-busantan |
shii-bushikoo neen, shii-bushikoo neeran |
shii-bushikoo neentan, shii-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shii-busaru |
shii-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
shii-yassan |
shii-yassantan |
shii-yashikoo neen, shii-yashikoo neeran |
shii-yashikoo neentan, shii-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shii-yassaru |
shii-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
shii-gurisan |
shii-gurisantan |
shii-gurikoo neen, shii-gurikoo neeran |
shii-gurikoo neentan, shii-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shii-gurisaru |
shii-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
shii-misheen |
shii-misheentan |
shii-misooran |
shii-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
shii-misheeru |
shii-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
shii-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
shiyu-tan, shii-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
shiyu-shi, shii-shi |
|
Concessive |
shiyu-shiga, shii-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
shiyu-kutu, shii-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
shiyu-na, shii-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
shiyu-ra shii-ra |
|
Questions |
shiyu-ga, shii-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
shiyabiyun, shiibiyun, |
shiyabitan, shiibitan |
shiyabiran, shiibiran |
shiyabirantan, shiibirantan |
|
ATT |
shiyabiyuru, shiibiyuru, |
shiyabitaru, shiibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
shiyumi, shiimi |
shicchii |
shirani |
shirantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：しる【知る】