🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
くむいん【曇いん】 : kumuin | define meaning
kumuin
Pronunciation: [kumuiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To become cloudy; to be cloudy; to become overcast; to be overcast
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese くもる【曇る】 kumoru "to become cloudy".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 曇いん |
| Kana | くむいん |
| Romanization | kumuin |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [kumuiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
kumuyun, kumuin |
kumutan |
kumuran |
kumurantan |
|
ATT |
kumuyuru, kumuiru |
kumutaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
kumutoon |
kumutootan |
kumuteewuran |
kumuteewurantan |
|
ATT |
kumutooru |
kumutootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
kumurasun |
kumurachan |
kumurasan |
kumurasantan |
|
ATT |
kumurasuru |
kumuracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
kumurariyun, |
kumuraritan, |
kumurariran, |
kumurarirantan, |
|
ATT |
kumurariyuru, |
kumuraritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
kumurasariyun, |
kumurasaritan |
kumurasariran |
kumurasarirantan |
|
ATT |
kumurasariyuru, |
kumurasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
kumuteen |
kumuteetan |
kumuteeneen |
kumuteeneentan |
|
ATT |
kumuteeru |
kumuteetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
kumutoochun |
kumutoochan |
kumuteeukan |
kumuteeukantan |
|
ATT |
kumutoochuru |
kumutoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
kumur- |
|
Dictionary |
kumuyun, kumuin |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
kumuyuru, kumuiru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
kumuyu-, kumui- |
|
Adverbial |
kumui |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
kumura |
|
Conjunctive |
kumuti |
|
Representative |
kumutai |
|
Imperative |
kumuri, |
|
Conditional |
kumuree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
kumuyuru haji, kumuiru haji |
|
So as to... |
kumuyuru gutu, kumuiru gutu |
|
Before... |
kumuyuru mee, kumuiru mee |
|
While... |
kumuyuru qweeda, kumuyuru-qweema, kumuiru qweeda, kumuiru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
kumuyuru tami ni, kumuiru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
kumuti-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
kumuti-kwiin |
|
Completive |
kumuti-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
kumuti-n |
|
After... |
kumuti-kara |
|
After... |
kumuti-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
kumui-busan |
kumui-busantan |
kumui-bushikoo neen, kumui-bushikoo neeran |
kumui-bushikoo neentan, kumui-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kumui-busaru |
kumui-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
kumui-yassan |
kumui-yassantan |
kumui-yashikoo neen, kumui-yashikoo neeran |
kumui-yashikoo neentan, kumui-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kumui-yassaru |
kumui-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
kumui-gurisan |
kumui-gurisantan |
kumui-gurikoo neen, kumui-gurikoo neeran |
kumui-gurikoo neentan, kumui-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kumui-gurisaru |
kumui-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
kumui-misheen, kumu-misheen |
kumui-misheentan, kumu-misheentan |
kumui-misooran, kumu-misooran |
kumui-misoorantan, kumu-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
kumui-misheeru, kumu-misheeru |
kumui-misheetaru, kumu-misheetaru, kumui-misoocharu, kumu-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
kumui-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
kumuyu-tan, kumui-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
kumuyu-shi, kumui-shi |
|
Concessive |
kumuyu-shiga, kumui-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
kumuyu-kutu, kumui-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
kumuyu-na, kumui-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
kumuyu-ra kumui-ra |
|
Questions |
kumuyu-ga, kumui-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
kumuyabiyun, kumuibiyun, |
kumuyabitan, kumuibitan |
kumuyabiran, kumuibiran |
kumuyabirantan, kumuibirantan |
|
ATT |
kumuyabiyuru, kumuibiyuru, |
kumuyabitaru, kumuibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
kumuyumi, kumuimi |
kumutii |
kumurani |
kumurantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：くもる【曇る】