🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
くだみーん : kudamiin | define meaning
kudamiin
Pronunciation: [kudamiːŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To step on; to trample
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kana | くだみーん |
| Romanization | kudamiin |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [kudamiːŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
kudamiyun, kudamiin |
kudamitan |
kudamiran |
kudamirantan |
|
ATT |
kudamiyuru, kudamiiru |
kudamitaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
kudamitoon |
kudamitootan |
kudamiteewuran |
kudamiteewurantan |
|
ATT |
kudamitooru |
kudamitootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
kudamirasun |
kudamirachan |
kudamirasan |
kudamirasantan |
|
ATT |
kudamirasuru |
kudamiracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
kudamirariyun, |
kudamiraritan, |
kudamirariran, |
kudamirarirantan, |
|
ATT |
kudamirariyuru, |
kudamiraritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
kudamirasariyun, |
kudamirasaritan |
kudamirasariran |
kudamirasarirantan |
|
ATT |
kudamirasariyuru, |
kudamirasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
kudamiteen |
kudamiteetan |
kudamiteeneen |
kudamiteeneentan |
|
ATT |
kudamiteeru |
kudamiteetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
kudamitoochun |
kudamitoochan |
kudamiteeukan |
kudamiteeukantan |
|
ATT |
kudamitoochuru |
kudamitoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
kudamir- |
|
Dictionary |
kudamiyun, kudamiin |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
kudamiyuru, kudamiiru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
kudamiyu-, kudamii- |
|
Adverbial |
kudamii |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
kudamira |
|
Conjunctive |
kudamiti |
|
Representative |
kudamitai |
|
Imperative |
kudamiri, |
|
Conditional |
kudamiree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
kudamiyuru haji, kudamiiru haji |
|
So as to... |
kudamiyuru gutu, kudamiiru gutu |
|
Before... |
kudamiyuru mee, kudamiiru mee |
|
While... |
kudamiyuru qweeda, kudamiyuru-qweema, kudamiiru qweeda, kudamiiru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
kudamiyuru tami ni, kudamiiru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
kudamiti-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
kudamiti-kwiin |
|
Completive |
kudamiti-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
kudamiti-n |
|
After... |
kudamiti-kara |
|
After... |
kudamiti-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
kudamii-busan |
kudamii-busantan |
kudamii-bushikoo neen, kudamii-bushikoo neeran |
kudamii-bushikoo neentan, kudamii-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kudamii-busaru |
kudamii-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
kudamii-yassan |
kudamii-yassantan |
kudamii-yashikoo neen, kudamii-yashikoo neeran |
kudamii-yashikoo neentan, kudamii-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kudamii-yassaru |
kudamii-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
kudamii-gurisan |
kudamii-gurisantan |
kudamii-gurikoo neen, kudamii-gurikoo neeran |
kudamii-gurikoo neentan, kudamii-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kudamii-gurisaru |
kudamii-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
kudamii-misheen, kudami-misheen |
kudamii-misheentan, kudami-misheentan |
kudamii-misooran, kudami-misooran |
kudamii-misoorantan, kudami-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
kudamii-misheeru, kudami-misheeru |
kudamii-misheetaru, kudami-misheetaru, kudamii-misoocharu, kudami-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
kudamii-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
kudamiyu-tan, kudamii-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
kudamiyu-shi, kudamii-shi |
|
Concessive |
kudamiyu-shiga, kudamii-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
kudamiyu-kutu, kudamii-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
kudamiyu-na, kudamii-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
kudamiyu-ra kudamii-ra |
|
Questions |
kudamiyu-ga, kudamii-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
kudamiyabiyun, kudamiibiyun, |
kudamiyabitan, kudamiibitan |
kudamiyabiran, kudamiibiran |
kudamiyabirantan, kudamiibirantan |
|
ATT |
kudamiyabiyuru, kudamiibiyuru, |
kudamiyabitaru, kudamiibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
kudamiyumi, kudamiimi |
kudamitii |
kudamirani |
kudamirantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：ふむ【踏む・履む・践む】、ふみにじる【踏みにじる・踏み躙る】、ふみつける【踏みつける・踏み付ける・踏付ける】