🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
うたいん【歌いん・唄いん・謡いん・詠いん・唱いん】 : utain | define meaning
utain
Pronunciation: [ʔutaiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To sing
- To recite (a poem); to chant
- (Said of a rooster) To crow
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese うたう【歌う・唄う・謡う・詠う・唱う】 utau "to sing".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo Island, in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford, records "Crow, to. O'tayoong".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 歌いん 唄いん 謡いん 詠いん 唱いん |
| Kana | うたいん |
| Romanization | utain |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ʔutaiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
utayun, utain |
utatan |
utaan, utaran |
utaantan, utarantan |
|
ATT |
utayuru, utairu |
utataru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
utatoon |
utatootan |
utateewuran |
utateewurantan |
|
ATT |
utatooru |
utatootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
utaasun |
utaachan |
utaasan |
utaasantan |
|
ATT |
utaasuru |
utaacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
utaariyun, |
utaaritan, |
utaariran, |
utaarirantan, |
|
ATT |
utaariyuru, |
utaaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
utaasariyun, |
utaasaritan |
utaasariran |
utaasarirantan |
|
ATT |
utaasariyuru, |
utaasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
utateen |
utateetan |
utateeneen |
utateeneentan |
|
ATT |
utateeru |
utateetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
utatoochun |
utatoochan |
utateeukan |
utateeukantan |
|
ATT |
utatoochuru |
utatoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
uta- |
|
Dictionary |
utayun, utain |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
utayuru, utairu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
utayu-, utai- |
|
Adverbial |
utai, utee |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
utara |
|
Conjunctive |
utati |
|
Representative |
utatai |
|
Imperative |
utari, |
|
Conditional |
utaree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
utayuru haji, utairu haji |
|
So as to... |
utayuru gutu, utairu gutu |
|
Before... |
utayuru mee, utairu mee |
|
While... |
utayuru qweeda, utayuru-qweema, utairu qweeda, utairu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
utayuru tami ni, utairu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
utati-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
utati-kwiin |
|
Completive |
utati-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
utati-n |
|
After... |
utati-kara |
|
After... |
utati-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
utai-busan, utee-busan |
utai-busantan, utee-busantan |
utai-bushikoo neen, utee-bushikoo neen, utai-bushikoo neeran utee-bushikoo neeran |
utai-bushikoo neentan, utee-bushikoo neentan, utai-bushikoo neerantan utee-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
utai-busaru, utee-busaru |
utai-busataru, utee-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
utai-yassan, utee-yassan |
utai-yassantan, utee-yassantan |
utai-yashikoo neen, utee-yashikoo neen, utai-yashikoo neeran, utee-yashikoo neeran |
utai-yashikoo neentan, utee-yashikoo neentan, utai-yashikoo neerantan, utee-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
utai-yassaru, utee-yassaru |
utai-yassataru, utee-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
utai-gurisan, utee-gurisan |
utai-gurisantan, utee-gurisantan |
utai-gurikoo neen, utee-gurikoo neen, utai-gurikoo neeran, utee-gurikoo neeran |
utai-gurikoo neentan, utee-gurikoo neentan, utai-gurikoo neerantan, utee-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
utai-gurisaru, utee-gurisaru |
utai-gurisataru, utee-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
utai-misheen, utee-misheen |
utai-misheentan, utee-misheentan |
utai-misooran, utee-misooran |
utai-misoorantan, utee-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
utai-misheeru, utee-misheeru |
utai-misheetaru, utee-misheetaru, utai-misoocharu, utee-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
utai-gachii, utee-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
utayu-tan, utai-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
utayu-shi, utai-shi |
|
Concessive |
utayu-shiga, utai-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
utayu-kutu, utai-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
utayu-na, utai-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
utayu-raa utai-raa |
|
Questions |
utayu-ga, utai-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
utayabiyun, utaibiyun, |
utayabitan, utaibitan |
utayabiran, utaibiran |
utayabirantan, utaibirantan |
|
ATT |
utayabiyuru, utaibiyuru, |
utayabitaru, utaibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
utayumi, utaimi |
utatii |
utaani |
utaantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：うたう【歌う・唄う・謡う・詠う・唱う】