🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
しまいん【住まいん】 : shimain | define meaning
shimain
Pronunciation: [ɕimaiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To live; to reside
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese すまう【住まう・住う】 sumau "to live, to reside".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo Island, in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford, records "Live, or reside, to. Sim'matong", "Táyin lives here. Táyin simmájoo coo", "A man living in the country. Ickkeegá simmá áwhfee", and "I live on board the brig. Wang hoónee gua símmatong".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 住まいん |
| Kana | しまいん |
| Romanization | shimain |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ɕimaiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
shimayun, shimain |
shimatan |
shimaran |
shimarantan |
|
ATT |
shimayuru, shimairu |
shimataru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
shimatoon |
shimatootan |
shimateewuran |
shimateewurantan |
|
ATT |
shimatooru |
shimatootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
shimarasun |
shimarachan |
shimarasan |
shimarasantan |
|
ATT |
shimarasuru |
shimaracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
shimarariyun, |
shimararitan, |
shimarariran, |
shimararirantan, |
|
ATT |
shimarariyuru, |
shimararitaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
shimarasariyun, |
shimarasaritan |
shimarasariran |
shimarasarirantan |
|
ATT |
shimarasariyuru, |
shimarasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
shimateen |
shimateetan |
shimateeneen |
shimateeneentan |
|
ATT |
shimateeru |
shimateetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
shimatoochun |
shimatoochan |
shimateeukan |
shimateeukantan |
|
ATT |
shimatoochuru |
shimatoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
shimar- |
|
Dictionary |
shimayun, shimain |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
shimayuru, shimairu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
shimayu-, shimai- |
|
Adverbial |
shimai |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
shimara |
|
Conjunctive |
shimati |
|
Representative |
shimatai |
|
Imperative |
shimari, |
|
Conditional |
shimaree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
shimayuru haji, shimairu haji |
|
So as to... |
shimayuru gutu, shimairu gutu |
|
Before... |
shimayuru mee, shimairu mee |
|
While... |
shimayuru qweeda, shimayuru-qweema, shimairu qweeda, shimairu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
shimayuru tami ni, shimairu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
shimati-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
shimati-kwiin |
|
Completive |
shimati-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
shimati-n |
|
After... |
shimati-kara |
|
After... |
shimati-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
shimai-busan |
shimai-busantan |
shimai-bushikoo neen, shimai-bushikoo neeran |
shimai-bushikoo neentan, shimai-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shimai-busaru |
shimai-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
shimai-yassan |
shimai-yassantan |
shimai-yashikoo neen, shimai-yashikoo neeran |
shimai-yashikoo neentan, shimai-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shimai-yassaru |
shimai-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
shimai-gurisan |
shimai-gurisantan |
shimai-gurikoo neen, shimai-gurikoo neeran |
shimai-gurikoo neentan, shimai-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shimai-gurisaru |
shimai-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
shimai-misheen, shima-misheen |
shimai-misheentan, shima-misheentan |
shimai-misooran, shima-misooran |
shimai-misoorantan, shima-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
shimai-misheeru, shima-misheeru |
shimai-misheetaru, shima-misheetaru, shimai-misoocharu, shima-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
shimai-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
shimayu-tan, shimai-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
shimayu-shi, shimai-shi |
|
Concessive |
shimayu-shiga, shimai-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
shimayu-kutu, shimai-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
shimayu-na, shimai-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
shimayu-ra shimai-ra |
|
Questions |
shimayu-ga, shimai-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
shimayabiyun, shimaibiyun, |
shimayabitan, shimaibitan |
shimayabiran, shimaibiran |
shimayabirantan, shimaibirantan |
|
ATT |
shimayabiyuru, shimaibiyuru, |
shimayabitaru, shimaibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
shimayumi, shimaimi |
shimatii |
shimarani |
shimarantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：すまう【住まう・住う】、すむ【住む】