🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
ふぃるまいん【広まいん・弘まいん】 : firumain | define meaning
firumain
Pronunciation: [ɸiɾumaiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To spread; to become widespread
- To become widely known; to circulate widely; to spread
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese ひろまる【広まる・弘まる】 hiromaru "to spread; to circulate widely".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 広まいん 弘まいん |
| Kana | ふぃるまいん |
| New Okinawa Moji | 懲るまいん |
| Romanization | firumain |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ɸiɾumaiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
firumayun, firumain |
firumatan |
firumaran |
firumarantan |
|
ATT |
firumayuru, firumairu |
firumataru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
firumatoon |
firumatootan |
firumateewuran |
firumateewurantan |
|
ATT |
firumatooru |
firumatootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
firumarasun |
firumarachan |
firumarasan |
firumarasantan |
|
ATT |
firumarasuru |
firumaracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
firumarariyun, |
firumararitan, |
firumarariran, |
firumararirantan, |
|
ATT |
firumarariyuru, |
firumararitaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
firumarasariyun, |
firumarasaritan |
firumarasariran |
firumarasarirantan |
|
ATT |
firumarasariyuru, |
firumarasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
firumateen |
firumateetan |
firumateeneen |
firumateeneentan |
|
ATT |
firumateeru |
firumateetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
firumatoochun |
firumatoochan |
firumateeukan |
firumateeukantan |
|
ATT |
firumatoochuru |
firumatoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
firumar- |
|
Dictionary |
firumayun, firumain |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
firumayuru, firumairu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
firumayu-, firumai- |
|
Adverbial |
firumai |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
firumara |
|
Conjunctive |
firumati |
|
Representative |
firumatai |
|
Imperative |
firumari, |
|
Conditional |
firumaree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
firumayuru haji, firumairu haji |
|
So as to... |
firumayuru gutu, firumairu gutu |
|
Before... |
firumayuru mee, firumairu mee |
|
While... |
firumayuru qweeda, firumayuru-qweema, firumairu qweeda, firumairu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
firumayuru tami ni, firumairu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
firumati-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
firumati-kwiin |
|
Completive |
firumati-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
firumati-n |
|
After... |
firumati-kara |
|
After... |
firumati-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
firumai-busan |
firumai-busantan |
firumai-bushikoo neen, firumai-bushikoo neeran |
firumai-bushikoo neentan, firumai-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firumai-busaru |
firumai-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
firumai-yassan |
firumai-yassantan |
firumai-yashikoo neen, firumai-yashikoo neeran |
firumai-yashikoo neentan, firumai-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firumai-yassaru |
firumai-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
firumai-gurisan |
firumai-gurisantan |
firumai-gurikoo neen, firumai-gurikoo neeran |
firumai-gurikoo neentan, firumai-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firumai-gurisaru |
firumai-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
firumai-misheen, firuma-misheen |
firumai-misheentan, firuma-misheentan |
firumai-misooran, firuma-misooran |
firumai-misoorantan, firuma-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
firumai-misheeru, firuma-misheeru |
firumai-misheetaru, firuma-misheetaru, firumai-misoocharu, firuma-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
firumai-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
firumayu-tan, firumai-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
firumayu-shi, firumai-shi |
|
Concessive |
firumayu-shiga, firumai-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
firumayu-kutu, firumai-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
firumayu-na, firumai-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
firumayu-ra firumai-ra |
|
Questions |
firumayu-ga, firumai-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
firumayabiyun, firumaibiyun, |
firumayabitan, firumaibitan |
firumayabiran, firumaibiran |
firumayabirantan, firumaibirantan |
|
ATT |
firumayabiyuru, firumaibiyuru, |
firumayabitaru, firumaibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
firumayumi, firumaimi |
firumatii |
firumarani |
firumarantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：ひろまる【広まる・弘まる】、ふきゅうする【普及する】、ひろくなる【広くなる】