🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
かたいん【語いん】 : katain | define meaning
katain
Pronunciation: [kataiŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To talk about; to tell (a story); to narrate; to recount; to give an account of; to describe
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese かたる【語る】 kataru "to talk about".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 語いん |
| Kana | かたいん |
| Romanization | katain |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [kataiŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
katayun, katain |
katatan |
kataran |
katarantan |
|
ATT |
katayuru, katairu |
katataru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
katatoon |
katatootan |
katateewuran |
katateewurantan |
|
ATT |
katatooru |
katatootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
katarasun |
katarachan |
katarasan |
katarasantan |
|
ATT |
katarasuru |
kataracharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
katarariyun, |
katararitan, |
katarariran, |
katararirantan, |
|
ATT |
katarariyuru, |
katararitaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
katarasariyun, |
katarasaritan |
katarasariran |
katarasarirantan |
|
ATT |
katarasariyuru, |
katarasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
katateen |
katateetan |
katateeneen |
katateeneentan |
|
ATT |
katateeru |
katateetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
katatoochun |
katatoochan |
katateeukan |
katateeukantan |
|
ATT |
katatoochuru |
katatoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
katar- |
|
Dictionary |
katayun, katain |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
katayuru, katairu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
katayu-, katai- |
|
Adverbial |
katai |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
katara |
|
Conjunctive |
katati |
|
Representative |
katatai |
|
Imperative |
katari, |
|
Conditional |
kataree |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
katayuru haji, katairu haji |
|
So as to... |
katayuru gutu, katairu gutu |
|
Before... |
katayuru mee, katairu mee |
|
While... |
katayuru qweeda, katayuru-qweema, katairu qweeda, katairu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
katayuru tami ni, katairu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
katati-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
katati-kwiin |
|
Completive |
katati-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
katati-n |
|
After... |
katati-kara |
|
After... |
katati-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
katai-busan |
katai-busantan |
katai-bushikoo neen, katai-bushikoo neeran |
katai-bushikoo neentan, katai-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
katai-busaru |
katai-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
katai-yassan |
katai-yassantan |
katai-yashikoo neen, katai-yashikoo neeran |
katai-yashikoo neentan, katai-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
katai-yassaru |
katai-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
katai-gurisan |
katai-gurisantan |
katai-gurikoo neen, katai-gurikoo neeran |
katai-gurikoo neentan, katai-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
katai-gurisaru |
katai-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
katai-misheen, kata-misheen |
katai-misheentan, kata-misheentan |
katai-misooran, kata-misooran |
katai-misoorantan, kata-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
katai-misheeru, kata-misheeru |
katai-misheetaru, kata-misheetaru, katai-misoocharu, kata-misoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
katai-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
katayu-tan, katai-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
katayu-shi, katai-shi |
|
Concessive |
katayu-shiga, katai-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
katayu-kutu, katai-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
katayu-na, katai-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
katayu-ra katai-ra |
|
Questions |
katayu-ga, katai-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
katayabiyun, kataibiyun, |
katayabitan, kataibitan |
katayabiran, kataibiran |
katayabirantan, kataibirantan |
|
ATT |
katayabiyuru, kataibiyuru, |
katayabitaru, kataibitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
katayumi, kataimi |
katatii |
katarani |
katarantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：かたる【語る】