🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
くすん【越すん・超すん】 : kusun | define meaning
kusun
Pronunciation: [kusuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To cross over; to go across; to travel (over, across); to go (over, across)
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese こす【越す・超す】 kosu "to cross over".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 越すん 超すん |
| Kana | くすん |
| Romanization | kusun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [kusuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
kusun |
kuchan |
kusan |
kusantan |
|
ATT |
kusuru |
kucharu |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
kuchoon |
kuchootan |
kucheewuran |
kucheewurantan |
|
ATT |
kuchooru |
kuchootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
kusasun |
kusachan |
kusasan |
kusasantan |
|
ATT |
kusasuru |
kusacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
kusariyun, |
kusaritan, |
kusariran, |
kusarirantan, |
|
ATT |
kusariyuru, |
kusaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
kusasariyun, |
kusasaritan |
kusasariran |
kusasarirantan |
|
ATT |
kusasariyuru, |
kusasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
kucheen |
kucheetan |
kucheeneen |
kucheeneentan |
|
ATT |
kucheeru |
kucheetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
kuchoochun |
kuchoochan |
kucheeukan |
kucheeukantan |
|
ATT |
kuchoochuru |
kuchoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
kus- |
|
Dictionary |
kusun |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
kusuru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
kusu- |
|
Adverbial |
kushi |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
kusa |
|
Conjunctive |
kuchi |
|
Representative |
kuchai |
|
Imperative |
kushi, |
|
Conditional |
kushee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
kusuru haji |
|
So as to... |
kusuru gutu |
|
Before... |
kusuru mee |
|
While... |
kusuru qweeda, kusuru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
kusuru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
kuchi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
kuchi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
kuchi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
kuchi-n |
|
After... |
kuchi-kara |
|
After... |
kuchi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
kushi-busan |
kushi-busantan |
kushi-bushikoo neen, kushi-bushikoo neeran |
kushi-bushikoo neentan, kushi-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kushi-busaru |
kushi-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
kushi-yassan |
kushi-yassantan |
kushi-yashikoo neen, kushi-yashikoo neeran |
kushi-yashikoo neentan, kushi-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kushi-yassaru |
kushi-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
kushi-gurisan |
kushi-gurisantan |
kushi-gurikoo neen, kushi-gurikoo neeran |
kushi-gurikoo neentan, kushi-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
kushi-gurisaru |
kushi-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
kushi-misheen |
kushi-misheentan |
kushi-misooran |
kushi-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
kushi-misheeru |
kushi-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
kushi-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
kusu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
kusu-shi |
|
Concessive |
kusu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
kusu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
kusu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
kusu-raa |
|
Questions |
kusu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
kusabiyun, |
kusabitan |
kusabiran |
kusabirantan |
|
ATT |
kusabiyuru, |
kusabitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
kushumi |
kuchii |
kusani |
kusantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：こす【越す・超す】、こえる【越える・超える】