🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
ふぃらちゅん【開ちゅん】 : firachun | define meaning
firachun
Pronunciation: [ɸiɾat͡ɕuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To open
Etymology
Cognate with Kagoshima ひらっ hiraq; Okinawan ひらちゅん hirachun and ふぃらちゅん firachun; and standard Japanese ひらく【開く】 hiraku "to open".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- 沖縄語典 Okinawa goten (Okinawan language dictionary) (1896), by Masayo Nakamoto, records "「ひらちゆん」開（ヒラク）、闢、發".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 開ちゅん |
| Kana | ふぃらちゅん |
| New Okinawa Moji | 懲らちゅん |
| Romanization | firachun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ɸiɾat͡ɕuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
firachun |
firachan |
firakan |
firakantan |
|
ATT |
firachuru |
firacharu |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
firachoon |
firachootan |
firacheewuran |
firacheewurantan |
|
ATT |
firachooru |
firachootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
firakasun |
firakachan |
firakasan |
firakasantan |
|
ATT |
firakasuru |
firakacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
firakariyun, |
firakaritan, |
firakariran, |
firakarirantan, |
|
ATT |
firakariyuru, |
firakaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
firakasariyun, |
firakasaritan |
firakasariran |
firakasarirantan |
|
ATT |
firakasariyuru, |
firakasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
firacheen |
firacheetan |
firacheeneen |
firacheeneentan |
|
ATT |
firacheeru |
firacheetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
firachoochun |
firachoochan |
firacheeukan |
firacheeukantan |
|
ATT |
firachoochuru |
firachoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
firak- |
|
Dictionary |
firachun |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
firachuru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
firachu- |
|
Adverbial |
firachi |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
firaka |
|
Conjunctive |
firachi |
|
Representative |
firachai |
|
Imperative |
firaki, |
|
Conditional |
firakee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
firachuru haji |
|
So as to... |
firachuru gutu |
|
Before... |
firachuru mee |
|
While... |
firachuru qweeda, firanuru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
firachuru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
firachi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
firachi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
firachi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
firachi-n |
|
After... |
firachi-kara |
|
After... |
firachi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
firachi-busan |
firachi-busantan |
firachi-bushikoo neen, firachi-bushikoo neeran |
firachi-bushikoo neentan, firachi-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firachi-busaru |
firachi-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
firachi-yassan |
firachi-yassantan |
firachi-yashikoo neen, firachi-yashikoo neeran |
firachi-yashikoo neentan, firachi-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firachi-yassaru |
firachi-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
firachi-gurisan |
firachi-gurisantan |
firachi-gurikoo neen, firachi-gurikoo neeran |
firachi-gurikoo neentan, firachi-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
firachi-gurisaru |
firachi-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
firachi-misheen |
firachi-misheentan |
firachi-misooran |
firachi-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
firachi-misheeru |
firachi-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
firachi-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
firachu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
firachu-shi |
|
Concessive |
firachu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
firachu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
firachu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
firachu-raa |
|
Questions |
firachu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
firachabiyun, |
firachabitan |
firachabiran |
firachabirantan |
|
ATT |
firachabiyuru, |
firachabitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
firachumi |
firachii |
firakani |
firakantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：ひらく【開く】