🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
しぬん【死ぬん】 : shinun | define meaning
shinun
Pronunciation: [ɕinuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To die; to perish
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese しぬ【死ぬ】 shinu "to die".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- Vocabulary of the language spoken at the Great Loo-Choo island, in the Japan Sea (1818), by Herbert John Clifford, records "Dead. Sheénoong, or gang".
- Voyage of His Majesty's Ship Alceste: Along the Coast of Corea, to the Island of Lewchew, with an Account of Her Subsequent Shipwreck (1818), by John M'Leod, records "Dead. Sijoug".
- Essay in Aid of a Grammar and Dictionary of the Luchuan Language (1895), by Basil Hall Chamberlain, records "To die, shinung".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 死ぬん |
| Kana | しぬん |
| Romanization | shinun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [ɕinuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
shinun |
shijan |
shinan |
shinantan |
|
ATT |
shinuru |
shijaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
shijoon |
shijootan |
shijeewuran |
shijeewurantan |
|
ATT |
shijooru |
shijootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
shinasun |
shinachan |
shinasan |
shinasantan |
|
ATT |
shinasuru |
shinacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
shinariyun, |
shinaritan, |
shinariran, |
shinarirantan, |
|
ATT |
shinariyuru, |
shinaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
shinasariyun, |
shinasaritan |
shinasariran |
shinasarirantan |
|
ATT |
shinasariyuru, |
shinasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
shijeen |
shijeetan |
shijeeneen |
shijeeneentan |
|
ATT |
shijeeru |
shijeetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
shijoochun |
shijoochan |
shijeeukan |
shijeeukantan |
|
ATT |
shijoochuru |
shijoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
shin- |
|
Dictionary |
shinun |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
shinuru |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
shinu- |
|
Adverbial |
shini |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
shina |
|
Conjunctive |
shiji |
|
Representative |
shijai |
|
Imperative |
shini, |
|
Conditional |
shinee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
shinuru haji |
|
So as to... |
shinuru gutu |
|
Before... |
shinuru mee |
|
While... |
shinuru qweeda, shinuru-qweema |
|
Purpose |
shinuru tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
shiji-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
shiji-kwiin |
|
Completive |
shiji-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
shiji-n |
|
After... |
shiji-kara |
|
After... |
shiji-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
shini-busan |
shini-busantan |
shini-bushikoo neen, shini-bushikoo neeran |
shini-bushikoo neentan, shini-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shini-busaru |
shini-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
shini-yassan |
shini-yassantan |
shini-yashikoo neen, shini-yashikoo neeran |
shini-yashikoo neentan, shini-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shini-yassaru |
shini-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
shini-gurisan |
shini-gurisantan |
shini-gurikoo neen, shini-gurikoo neeran |
shini-gurikoo neentan, shini-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
shini-gurisaru |
shini-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
shini-misheen |
shini-misheentan |
shini-misooran |
shini-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
shini-misheeru |
shini-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
shini-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
shinu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
shinu-shi |
|
Concessive |
shinu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
shinu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
shinu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
shinu-raa |
|
Questions |
shinu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
shinabiyun, |
shinabitan |
shinabiran |
shinabirantan |
|
ATT |
shinabiyuru, |
shinabitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
shinumi |
shijii |
shinani |
shinantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：しぬ【死ぬ】